初中英语“阅读理解”解题技巧

一、阅读理解是考查学生通过阅读短文而对相关信息的加工情况。解此类题必须掌握两大技巧：

（一）阅读的技巧

          1.阅读时不要出声，要养成快速阅读的好习惯。

          2.阅读时不要逐字阅读，要养成以意群为单位阅读的好习惯。

          3.学会找关键词、关键句。关键句通常位于段落的开头或结尾。

          4.学会根据上下文猜测生词的词义。

（二）答题的技巧

        1.通读全文，了解大意。

        2.带着问题，复读原文。

        3.理解识别，推断归纳。

        4.复核检查，确保无误。

二、中考的阅读理解测试点主要分两大类：

       （一）以识别语篇的事实和细节为主的题目。要求学生能综合运用语言和通过上下文抓住关键词句，即抓住事实和细节。此类题大都可以在短文中直接找到答案，相对较易。

        （二）以理解为主的推测判断题目。有些题目只靠抓住细节和事实是远远不够的，需要考生深入理解，进行推测，进行判断。这类题难度较大。

例析：

Babies love chocolate – and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper, and letters, for example. She doesn’t like newspapers very much.

Of course, the paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees, and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood and paper?

Scientists say: “All food comes in some way from plants.” Well, is that true? Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat sea-plants, then bigger fish swim along and eat the … Chickens eat bits of grass and give us … Think for a minute. What food does not come from plants in some way?

Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese. And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very food too. Now they have begun to say: “We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood. The next thing is not very difficult.” What is the next thing? Perhaps it is – food from paper. Scientists say: “We can turn paper into food. It will be good, cheap food too; cheaper than meat or fish or eggs.”

So please keep your old books and letters. (Don’t feed them to your cat.) One day, soon, they will be on your plate. There is nothing like a good story for breakfast.

1. What does the best paper come from?

A. Vegetables.B. Food.C. Plant.D. Wood.

2. From the passage, we can infer that ______ do not come from plants in some way.

A. few kinds of foodB. meat and fishC. cheese and chickensD. wood and paper

3. What’s the main idea ofpassage?

A. All food comes from plants in some way.

B. It will not be long before food can made from paper.

C. Scientists can do wonderful things with plants.

D. Scientists can make food without the help of animals.

4. The writer asks us to keep our old books and letters because ______.

A. they are useful for readingB. they may be used to feed cats

C. we can make food from them soonD. we can read them before meals

5. The best title for the passage is _______.

A. Food from PlantsB. Plants, Animals and Food

C. Keep Your Books and LettersD. What Can We Make with Old Paper

分析：此篇短文讲述人们的食物都以某种形式来自于植物，将来科学家们不久会从纸张中提取食物。

1．可直接从第二段的第一句找到答案。答案：D

2．推论题。关键要注意到A项中few的未加a，表示“否定”的用法，它与后面的do not构成双重否定，意为“”，符合题意。答案：A

3．要抓住短文的中心内容。文章开头讲的是纸张，第三段科学家也讲到“所有食物都以某种方式来自于植物”。第四段与此题有关联的句子在第三行和第四行中。实际上作者已经给the next thing做出了正确的判断。答案：B

4．关键的句子是One day, soon, they will be on your plate.（不久的某一天，你的旧的书籍和信件就会成为你盘中的食物。）答案：C

      5．与3题相关。答案：D